1. The importance of RWAs
To understand why sub lines are increasingly seeking credit ratings, it’s important to consider bank capital adequacy rules and their relevance for non-bank investors.
Most subscription lines are funded by banks on balance sheet where the Basel Rules set the level of capital that a bank must hold based on its risk-weighted assets (RWAs). Banks can take different approaches to calculating RWAs – either using a standardised approach or calculating their own RWA weighting based on an internal, regulator approved model.
Until recently, most subscription line lending used advanced modelling, meaning the level of RWAs is unique to each bank. However, a growing number of banks are seeking to use the standardised approach under Basel IV where credit ratings can help to ensure an appropriate level of RWAs are allocated based on the credit risk, versus an exposure which is unrated.
The use of credit ratings allows non-bank lenders to play a greater role in the provision of subscription lines. Their involvement can take the form of direct lending to a fund or taking exposure through a portfolio of loans which a bank package up. Both avenues provide additional capital to this market which is much needed as funds become larger and require larger subscription lines.